Litigation Funding Is Here To Stay

Litigation Funding Is Here To Stay

Accident Attorney Massachusetts - Litigation Funding Is Here To Stay

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By now, every personal injury attorney has heard of “litigation funding” - the non-recourse sale of a portion of a plaintiff’s hereafter hamlet proceeds in change for cash today. In recent years, the availability and use of litigation funding has grown rapidly and most attorneys now recognize the need for plaintiff financial support. A 2001 study by Lawyers Weekly asked a uncomplicated question: Should Litigation Funding Be Permitted? Of the 1,876 votes cast, 82.5% responded yes.

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However, reminiscent of the annotation faced by trial attorneys over contingency fees, litigation funding fellowships must riposte to the same disparagements. Defenders of the status quo seek to brand litigation funding as profiteering by scoundrels taking advantage of the down trodden. They trot out such red herrings as champerty, usury and far flung theories of possible conflicts to show how vexatious the institution authentically is. Sound familiar?
Despite the criticism, we know the following: plaintiffs love it; defendants hate it; it is here to stay!

Equal security Requires Equal Access
The lynchpin for every privilege contemplated by our founding fathers and codified in our constitution rests in one uncomplicated principle – equal security under the law.
Since 1786 when pamphleteer Benjamin Austin called it “a pernicious practice”, contingent legal fees have been criticized non-stop. Yet today, it is the most widely used fee trade in the United States. Why? uncomplicated – because it works! The contingent fee system helps to perform the goal of equal security by facilitating access.

It is axiomatic that there can be no equal security when access to the court system is unaffordable by a essential segment of the citizenry. The whole raison d’etre for contingency fees lays in this basic access issue. So persuasive is this point that, over the years, courts, have systematically removed virtually every barrier preventing access to the court system. From contingency fees to attorney advertising to champerty, laws preventing access, in even the most indirect ways, have bitten the dust.

Perhaps Judge Michael A. Musmanno said it best:

"If it were not for contingent fees, indigent victims of tortious accidents would be subject to the unbridled, self-willed partisanship of their tortfeasors. The man who has, without fault on his part, been injured and who, because of his injury, is unable to work, and has a large family to support, and has no money to engage a lawyer, would be at the mercy of the man who disabled him because, being in a superior economic position, the injuring man could force on his victim, desperately in need of money to keep the candle of life burning in himself and his dependent ones, a completely unconscionably meager sum in settlement, or even refuse to pay him anyone at all. Any society, and especially a democratic one, worthy of respect in the spectrum of civilization, should never tolerate such a victimization of the weak by the mighty." Richette v. Solomon, 187 A.2d 910, 919 (Pa. 1963).

However, affording a lawyer is only one part of a plaintiff’s challenge. A claimant must also have the quality to reserve themselves during the pendancy of their action. After all, what good is retaining an attorney, if you can’t afford the basic necessities of life? How are financially stressed plaintiffs to reserve themselves during the pendancy of their litigation which may be the cause of their financial condition in the first place

Litigation Funding
One riposte is litigation funding. Being able to stay the course is a prerequisite to fair rehabilitation and this uncomplicated transaction can help level the playing field with a well-heeled adversary. This fact was recognized by the Massachusetts consummate Judicial Court in the 1997 case of Saladini v. Righellis, (426 Mass. 231, 234) when it noted:

"We have long abandoned the view that litigation is suspect, and have recognized that agreements to buy an interest in an action may actual nurture resolution of a dispute."
Other superior courts seem to be persuaded by the Massachusetts court along with the consummate Court of South Carolina which relied heavily on Saladini when it abolished champerty in Osprey, Inc. V. Cabana tiny Partnership, 532 S.E.2d 269 (S.C. 2000).
In fairness it should be noted that the consummate Court of Ohio held a distinct view in Rancman v. Interim hamlet Funding Corp.99 Ohio St.3d 121, 2003-Ohio-2721. However, Ohio is in the minority and the philosophy of champerty may one day meet its final well-deserved death sentence at the Us consummate Court when the applicability of the 14th Amendment is determined. (Bennett v Ncaap 370 S.W. 2nd 79 82 (Ark 1963))

What are the real issues?
Aside from 15th Century English Law, what are the real issues today? The perception is there is nothing in it for attorneys, at least not immediately or directly. Providing data to the funding company, administering the operation of the contract and observing the lien are all a nuisance for plaintiff’s counsel. However, despite this, more and more Pi attorneys are forging relationships with funding fellowships because their clients need it, and they have found that reputable experienced fellowships can prove to be an invaluable resource.
Cost

The most base annotation is the cost.
The mean estimate paid for corporeal injury assurance claims suffered in motor vehicle accidents is small - less than ,000. Thus, it should not be surprising that the mean litigation funding contract is also small. Most contracts are for ,000 to ,000. consumer financial products have relatively fixed transaction costs meaning that smaller deals are nearly as high-priced as larger ones. It follows that, because of their small size, the mean fees on litigation funding contracts will unavoidably be high.

That having been said, the very growth of the business will settle the issue of cost. The marketplace will set prices just as it does with contingent legal fees. Once the there is enough palpate for the true risks of these transactions to be widely known, investors will price the risk to a corresponding level. Already, fees have dropped significantly. Only a few years ago it was not uncommon to find fees of 15% per month compounded – with no cap! This is now rare.

There are three basic fee methods used by most funding companies:

1. Monthly interest or fees. These can range 3% to as high as 15% per month with no cap.

2. A ration of the recovery.

3. Flat fees that are capped and may or may not have a allowance for early payment.

(Attorneys must beware of large fees at closing that serve to raise the true cost significantly)

A valid concern is that, with monthly fees rising with no cap, clients might be tempted to take a hamlet just to stop the fee increases. This not only injures the client’s chances of a fair salvage but also limits the attorney’s fees. Fortunately, capped fees are always ready in the market.

While the marketplace place will continue to drive price levels toward equilibrium, it should be comforting for those with no faith in market troops to remember that, in the final analysis, the court has the final say and can set aside abusive fees. Schlesinger v Teitelbaum, 475 F2nd 137, 141 (3rd Cir), cert. Denied, 414 U.S. 1111 (1973)

On this issue Saladini is very much on point:
“This means that if an trade to finance a lawsuit is challenged, we will consider whether the fees expensed are excessive or whether any salvage by a prevailing party is vitiated because of some impermissible overreaching by the financier.”

Is it authentically a loan in disguise?
Litigation funding contracts are roughly universally non-recourse. The definition of a loan is blackletter law. If any part of the essential or interest is contingent on an event that is “more than a mere colorable hazard”, the contract is not a loan. A challenge on the grounds that the essential degree of hazard is not gift would have to be adjudicated case by case, each case being unique. Bear in mind that the funding business is subordinate to attorney’s fees and costs, statutory liens and prior liens. The risk for an attorney is substantially good than for the funding business that is last in line. Many regulatory authorities from attorneys general to banking commissioners have reviewed the institution and taken no action. It seems clear that non-recourse means non-recourse and that litigation funding is a risky business.

Draconian Contracts

A second widely held concern is the use of contracts with draconian clauses. While the enforceability of such clauses is questionable at best, they still gift a formidable nuisance value. Typical objectionable clauses are:

• Prior permission of funding business required to change attorneys

• High liquidated damages

• Waiver of all defenses

• Disclosure of non-discoverable information

Most reputable companies, along with CapTran® have modified their contracts to address these concerns.

Ethics

George Kuhlman, ethics counsel for the American Bar Association, was quoted in Lawyers Weekly Usa as stating: "The qoute only comes in when lawyers are acquiring an interest in the subject matter of the litigation, but anyone can buy a piece of someone's judgment. I don't see any lawyer involvement so I don't see any problem. This is a third party becoming involved; production sure population can survive their judgments."

With one exception, all Ethics Opinions of which we are aware find litigation funding ethical. Michigan finds contracts with determined clauses to be impermissible.

State Bar of Michigan Ethics Committee conception Ri-321, June 29, 2000

“1. The ultimate operate of the litigation may be transferred to the investment capital corporation due to the fact that the lawyer is permanently appointed to the case;

2. The original lawyer cannot be ended without the investment capital corporation’s consent in light of the fact that on inquire of the investment capital corporation all documents and things must be demanded by that group; and

3. Privileged materials may be disclosed.”

We should also note that some states want determined specific procedural issues to be observed. (A listing of ethics conception relating to litigation funding can be found at http://www.captran.com)
Where do we go from here?

As palpate grows, capital will enter the business in ever expanding amounts, production it fairly commonplace while competition will authentically mold the product, and fix most, if not all, of the problems.

Many savvy attorneys understand that litigation funding is not going away anytime soon and they are embracing it and studying how best to use it. They are forging relationships with funding fellowships and using their services to meet the needs of their clients. In doing so, they get the added advantage of negotiating for a client that is no longer under the unnerving and destabilizing follow of financial duress.

Copyright 2003-2005 [http://www.financeandlaw.com], a Jurismark Llc website

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